Алесь Адамовіч. Фота: сацсеткі
On Aug. 3, 1926, Ales Adamovich was born. He was a writer, literary critic, scholar, screenwriter, publicist and public figure.
He was also one of the initiators of the Children of Chernobyl Foundation in Belarus, through which millions of children underwent rehabilitation abroad, and co-chair of the International Foundation “Aid to the Victims of Chernobyl.” Adamovich was also one of the founders of the Belarusian PEN.
From the first hours after the Chernobyl disaster, Adamovich began collecting information about the consequences of the catastrophe. He wrote a letter to Mikhail Gorbachev explaining the scale of the disaster. The Belarusian Communist Party leadership organized a campaign against him in the press, accusing him of pacifism, alarmism, blasphemy and rabble-rousing. As a result, he was forced to leave Minsk and move to Moscow for work.
“Chernobyl illuminated the entire picture of what has been called ‘stagnation,’ but what could also be called ‘ossification’ and ‘collapse’ (both words apply, although they seem to describe different conditions),” Adamovich wrote in his notes at the time.
The writer, who died in early 1994, seemed to foresee Belarus’ future as he reacted to the official silence following the disaster: “Those responsible for Chernobyl must be put on trial. Because if this irresponsibility, this mutual cover-up and this great lie at every level are not stopped, we will not save ourselves either from Chernobyl or from the inevitable disasters yet to come.”
Adamovich made his literary debut as a critic. In 1958, his first book was published, a literary study titled The Road to Mastery: The Formation of Kuzma Chorny’s Artistic Style. In 1960, his novel War Beneath the Roofs was published. Adamovich later wrote: “If I achieved anything in the novel War Beneath the Roofs, it was because my mother had already written that book with her own life.”
From 1962 to 1964, Adamovich studied at the Higher Screenwriting Courses in Moscow. (The film Come and See, directed by Elem Klimov, was based on his screenplay.) At the same time, he taught Belarusian literature at Moscow State University. In 1966, he was forced to resign after refusing to sign a letter condemning Andrei Sinyavsky, a Moscow dissident writer who was prosecuted for “anti-Soviet agitation and propaganda.” He was then compelled to leave Moscow and returned to Minsk in 1967.
In 1971, Adamovich wrote The Khatyn Story, a work based on documents, personal impressions and eyewitness accounts of the tragedy that befell thousands of Belarusian villages.
Together with writers Yanka Bryl and Uladzimir Kalesnik, Adamovich published the documentary book I Am from the Fiery Village in 1975. The book contains testimonies from people who personally survived the destruction of their villages, relatives and fellow villagers. Between 1970 and 1973, the authors visited 147 villages in 35 districts across Belarus and collected the memories of more than 300 direct witnesses who had miraculously survived.
The documentary prose genre that these authors elevated to a new level was later developed by Sviatlana Alexievich, who ultimately received the Nobel Prize in Literature. Alexievich was Adamovich’s student and described him as “a figure of European stature who was never truly appreciated in our culture. It is a great pity that he died so early. All the more so because there has still been no one equal to him in Belarusian culture.”
In 2019, a bust of Adamovich was unveiled in his hometown of Hlusha near Babruysk. The monument was funded through public donations.
Since 1995, the Belarusian PEN has awarded the Ales Adamovich Prize, which recognizes human dignity, freedom of thought and creativity, while honoring the writer’s legacy.