BIC: Belarusian Companies Doubled Supplies to Russian Arms Manufacturers Over Two Years

The Belarusian Investigative Center, together with the Ukrainian outlet Slidstvo.Info and with support from the Cyber Partisans and the Rabochy Rukh initiative, has published an investigation into supplies from Belarusian enterprises to the Russian military-industrial complex.

The authors analyzed shipment data involving 58 Belarusian enterprises supplying 41 Russian weapons manufacturers. According to the investigation, from February 2022 through August 2025 the total volume of these deliveries amounted to at least $1.2 billion, and by 2024 had doubled compared with 2022 levels. At the same time, 29 of the 58 Belarusian suppliers examined are still not under Western sanctions.

Among the key suppliers is the Minsk Wheel Tractor Plant, whose chassis are used for the Smerch and Uragan-1M multiple launch rocket systems, as well as the Iskander-M missile complex. Another major supplier is the optical-electronic company Peleng, which supplied Russian tank and armored vehicle manufacturers with products worth $875 million. Integral supplied microchips and electronic components to manufacturers of S-400 and Buk-M3 air defense systems, as well as Armata and T-90 armored vehicles.

According to estimates by Ukraine’s Main Intelligence Directorate, Russia’s dependence on Belarusian optical-electronic systems and targeting devices reaches 85%, on wheeled chassis for missile systems up to 90%, on transport-launch units up to 80%, on electronic components up to 20%, and on other dual-use products up to 60%.

“Some Belarusian components can be replaced with Chinese analogues. However, this would require additional costs and time for testing and adaptation, making changes to technical documentation, and training Russian military personnel in the operation and maintenance of the new equipment,” the Main Intelligence Directorate stated.

The investigation also identified reverse flows. Through Russia, Belarusian enterprises reportedly received sanctioned Western goods of German, Swiss, British, American, and Italian origin worth around $800,000, including measuring equipment, microchips, and components for electronics manufacturing.

The full investigation can be read here.